What term refers to any systematic method of obtaining information used to draw inferences about characteristics of people or programs?

The term that refers to a systematic method of obtaining information to draw inferences about the characteristics of people or programs is assessment. Assessment incorporates a variety of techniques and tools designed to gather critical data, which can then be analyzed to comprehend an individual’s abilities, needs, or the effectiveness of a program.

This process often combines various methods, including tests, interviews, and surveys, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject in question. Through assessment, professionals can make informed decisions about interventions, treatments, or program adjustments based on empirical evidence.

In contrast, evaluation tends to focus more on determining the value or effectiveness of a program rather than gathering baseline data for inferences. Diagnosis typically relates to identifying specific conditions or disorders based on assessments, while observation is a single method of data collection that can be part of a broader assessment process. Thus, assessment is the broadest and most inclusive term that embodies the essence of systematically gathering and analyzing information.