According to the Independent Living (IL) philosophy, __________ are a major barrier to the independence of people with disabilities.

The Independent Living philosophy emphasizes the importance of empowering individuals with disabilities to live autonomously and participate fully in their communities. Stigmatizing attitudes are recognized as a significant barrier to independence because they can foster discrimination and negative perceptions about the capabilities of people with disabilities. These attitudes can lead to social exclusion and limit opportunities for social engagement, employment, and access to services that are essential for independent living.

Addressing stigmatizing attitudes is crucial for promoting social inclusion and equality. When society holds stereotypes or prejudices against individuals with disabilities, it can affect how they are treated and the resources available to support their independence. Overcoming these negative perceptions helps create a more accepting environment in which people with disabilities can thrive, advocating for their rights and securing the services and support they need.

The other options, while they can certainly impact the independence of people with disabilities, focus more on external factors. Environmental factors, access limitations, and policy restrictions are important barriers as well, but stigmatizing attitudes directly influence the social dynamics that shape opportunities for individuals with disabilities. Fostering a more inclusive societal mindset is fundamental to breaking down these barriers and enhancing the autonomy of individuals.